Frank e



F. E. BOWERS.

COLONY sadooza.

APPLICATION FILED Nov. 12. I917.

1,304,446. Patented May 20, 1919.

WITNESS: INVEN TOR:

ATTORNEY.

PHOYO-LITNO.. wAsumcrwv, n. c.

imam: E. BOWERS, or mnmnnroms, INDIANA.

GOLONY-BROODER.

To all whom it may concern Be it, known that I, FRANK E. Bowers, a citizen of the United States, residing at Indianapolis, in the county of Marion and State of Indiana, have invented a new and useful Colony-Brooder, 'of which the following is a specification, reference'beinghadto the accompanying drawings, and to the letters and figures of reference marked'thereon.

This invention relates to a brooder of the type that is adapted to be used for various purposes and where artificial heat may be required, as for drying various articles or substances, the invention having reference more particularly to means for heating atmospheric air, regulating the temperature of the air anddefiecting the heated air downward. V

An object of the invention is to provide improved means for producing and radiatlng heat efficiently and economically and which shall be so constructed as to be suitable for heating groundsurface or articles on a table, so as to'be suitable'for use either as a brooder or as a drier. 'Another object is to provide a brooder or drier that shall be so constructed as to permit the use of various kinds of fuel, particularly-wood, charcoal and various other combustible substances andpermit close regulation of combustion for obtaining a uniform degree of heat. A further object is to provide a heaterfor the above-mentioned purposes which shall be of simple and inexpensive construction and also durable and economical in use. it I 7 With the above-mentioned and'other objects in view, the invention consists in an improved heater and radiator structure including particularlyimproveddraft regulat: ing apparatus; and theinvention consists also further in the novel parts and combinations and arrangements of partfslas hereinafterv particularly described and further defined in the appended claims.

Referring to the drawings,Figure 1 is a front elevation of the improved brooder, a

portion of the deflector or hood thereof being broken away; Fig. 2 is a topplan of Fig. 1, a portion of the deflector or hood being brokenawav; Fig. 3 is a vertical central section of the improved. brooder, the main portion of the deflector being broken away; and,Fig. 4 is a fragmentary section on the line IV-IV on Fig, 3.

Similar reference characters on the different figures of the drawings indlcate corre- Specification of Letters Patent.

' Patented May 20,1919.

Application filed November 12, 1917. Serial No. 201,498.

sponding elements or features of construction hereln referred to in detail.

The invention,' as preferably constructed, compr ses three supporting legs 1, 2 and 3, each having a supporting ledge 4 and also a brace portion 5, the ledges directly supporting the bottom 6 of a sheet metal heater orstove-which has a hollow cylindrical side wall 7 secured to 'thebottom, the brace portlons ofthe legs extending upward against the outside of the wall. A suitable number of standards 8, 9 and 10 are provided and arranged against the inside of the wall 7 so as to be opposite to the brace portion 5 of the legs, each standard being rigidly secured to the wall by means of a rivet or securing device 11. Each standard has a foot 12 thereon that is seated upon the" bottom 6 opposite to the ledge 41: and secured thereto by means of a bolt 13. Each standard has also a short arm 1 on its top, the arms supporting a cast iron seat-ring 15 provided on its under sidewith a suitable number of projeeting rests 16' for a fire grate which comprises a ring 17 and crossbars 18, the ring 17 being arranged and guided in the ring 15 and supported upon the rests 16. The for-' ward portion of the fire gratehas a downwardly extending projection 19 rigid thereon for shaking the grate. The legs support the bottom of the heater sufiiciently high to permit chicks to walk about under the bottom, and the fire grate is sufliciently removed from the bottom to preventthe fire from directly heating the bottom to an undesirable degree, the bottom being heated temperately bymeans of warm air between the bottom and thefire grate; and in practice, more or less ashes accumulate on the bottom 6 and also on the fire grate and protect the bottom 6"from an undesirable degree of heat. The wall 7 is protectedfrom excessive heat by means of a sheet metal cylindrical fire bowl 20 which rests upon the seat ring'15' and has an outwardly extending flange 21 on its top that is guided against the inside ofthe wall 7, so that an air space is provided between the wall and thefire bowl, the flange being a suitable distance from the top portion ofthe wall to permit theupper portion of the wall to radiate the required-heat. A top plate 22 is provided which rests upon the'wall 7' and has aguide rib 23extending downward at the inside of the wall and secured thereto. The ltop plate has a doorway 24 in its forward portion and also apertured hinge cars at the rear side of the doorway, the latter bemg normally closed;

by a door or lid 26 which has curved hinge fingers 27 that extend through the hinge ears 25 and operate therein when the forward portion of the door is swung up and backward, the forward portion of the door being provided with a finger-hold 28. The rearward portion of the top plate 22 has an inwardly extending collar 29 on which is an annular ledge 30 to support a draft pipe 31 which is inserted into the collar, the arrangement being such that moisture or gummy substance resulting from condensation in the draft pipe shall flow downward into the fire bowl.

The lower portion of the wall 7 of the heater has an aperture 32 therein which is below the plane of the fire grate, and a cylindrical sheet metal neck 33Vis secured to the wall at the aperture, the upper portion of the neck having an air-inlet port 34 therein. The mouth of the neck is normally closed by means of a cap 35 placed against the end thereof and having a guide ring 36 thereon extending into the neck. The front of the cap has a look bar 37 rigidly secured thereto which is detachably connected with suitable notched ears 38 and 39 secured 011 opposite sides respectively of the neck, so that the lock-bar may be disengaged therefrom by slightly rotating the cap which, when released, may readilybe removed for the purpose of removing ashes from the ash pit provided under the fire grate, or for shaking the grate by means of a shaker arm 40 which preferably is rigidly secured to the projection 19.

The heater supports suitable means for automatically controlling the supply of air required for combustion of the fuel, so as to automatically regulate the heat produced in accordance with the requirements. For this purpose a bracket 41 is secured to the outside of the wall? and supports a vertically arranged hollow stem 42 having a pivot head 43 thereon. A valve lever is provided which comprises a head plate 44 and an arm 45, the head plate being mounted in the pivot head by means of pivots 46. A link 47 is connected to the arm and -extends through the inlet port 34 and has an inlet valve 48 secured thereto, the valve being arranged in the air chamber formed by the neck 33. and its cap, the outer side of the valve being convex so as to readily seat to close the port 34 when moved upward. An arm 49 is secured to the lower portion of the stem 42 and has a downwardly extending finger 5O thereon, a thermostatic device 5l'being arranged under and secured to the arm 49. A lever 52 is pivoted at one end to the finger and extends underthe thermostatic device in contact therewith, and a pull-rod 53 is pivoted to the opposite end of the lever 52 and extends upward through the hollow stem 42 and throughthehead plate 44 of the valve lever, an adjusting nut 54 being placed on *the pull-rod in contact with the top of the head plate 44 for the purpose of adjusting the position of the valve 48 with respect to the innerend of the port 34.

A suitable deflector is provided which preferably comprises a conoidal sheet metal main portion 55 having a flat lip 56 which is remofvably supported upon the top of the edge portion of the top plate 22, the lower end of the main portion having a depending rim portion 57 thereon.

In practical use, suitable fuel is placed upon the fire grate and ignited so that combusti'on takes place, the smoke or products of combustion escaping through the draft pipe. As heatis developed, the upper portion of the wall 7 becomes heated and radiates the heat to the deflector or hood which deflects the heat downward to the ground or table upon which the "legs of the heater may be placed. Heated air accumulates under the deflector or hood and mixing with the atmospheric air, which'may circulate below the deflector and the bottom of the heater, tempers the lower air near the ground or table to a suitable ordesired-degree; The thermostatic device operates automatically so' that when a sufficiently high degree of heatis present the lever 52 is forced slightly downward, which causes'tilting movement of the valve lever to close or partly close the port 34 by the valve 48 an'dt'hus'regulate the draft through the fire grate, resulting in the heat. required for the purpose being automatically regulated.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed as new is 1. A brooder including a heater bottom and a side wall on said bottom and having an aperture therein adjacent to the bottom, a necksecurefd'to'the side wall at the aperture therein and having an inlet port in the wall thereof, a fire-grate supported o'n a plane above said aperture, 'a closurebonhected to the front end of connected to said bottom, an inlet valve movably arranged at said inlet port, athermostatic device arranged adjacent to said side wall and having operativeconnection said neck, legs fire-grate movably supported on a plane above said aperture and havin a shaker arm connected thereto and exten lin downward adjacent to said aperture, a eflector having support at the top of said side wall and extending downward over the upper portion of said neck, an inlet valve movably arranged at said inlet port, and a thermostatic device arranged adjacent to said side wall and having operative connection with said valve.

3. A brooder comprising a heater bottom, a side wall on said bottom and having an aperture therein adjacent to the bottom, legs connected to said bottom, a top plate on the side wall, a hollow neck secured to the side wall at said aperture and having an inlet port in the upper portion thereof, a seat-ring supported on the inner side of the side wall on a plane above said aperture, a fire-grate movably supported on said seat-ring, a shaker arm connected to the fire-grate and extending into said neck below said port, a closure on the front of said neck, legs connected to said bottom, a cylindrical fire-bowl resting upon said seat-ring and having a flange extending to the inner side of said side wall, a deflector having support on said top plate and extending downward over the upper portion of said v neck, an inlet valve arranged in said neck below sail inlet oort, and vice extending through said inlet port and operatively connected with the inlet valve.

4. A heating appliance comprising a flat bottom, a side wall on the bottom having an aperture therein adjacent to the bottom,

a neck securedto the wall at said aperture and having an inlet port in the upper portion thereof, a top plate on the side wall, a fire-grate supported above said bottom, a shaker arm connected to the fire-grate and extending into said neck below said port, a closure on the front of said neck, legs secured to said bottom and to said side wall, a deflector havin support on said top plate and extending ownward over the upper portion of said neck, an inlet valve arranged Coples'of this patent may be obtained for five ed on said support, a

a controllable dein said neck above said shaker arm, and a thermostatic device arranged adjacent to said side wall and having operative connection with said valve.

5. In a brooder, the combination with a neck secured to said wall at said aperture and having an inlet port in the upper portion thereof, a closure removably secured to the front of said neck, a support mounted on said wall, a valve lever pivotally mountlink connected to said lever and extending through said port, a valve within said neck below said port and connected to said link, and a thermostatic appliance mounted on said support and adapted to control said lever.

6. In a brooder, the combination of a heater bottom and a side wall on said bottom, said wall having an aperture therein adjacent to said bottom, a neck secured to said wall at said aperture and having an inlet port in the upper portion thereof, a closure removably said neck, legs supporting said bottom, standards supported on said bottom and secured to said wall, a seat-ring supported on said standards, a top plate on said wall, a fire-grate movably supported on said seat rin and having a shaker arm thereon exten ing through said aperture and into said neck, a deflector having support on said top plate and extendin downward over the upper-portion of saif neck, an inlet valve arranged at said port, and a thermostatic device arranged adjacent' to said wall and having controlling connection with said valve.

In testimony whereof, I aflix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

FRANK E. BOWERS.

Witnesses E. T. SILvrUs, OMER S. WHITEMAN.

cents each, by addressing the "Commissioner or listen,

Washington, .D. G.

secured to the front of 

